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Utah Administrative Code (Current through November 1, 2019) |
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R307. Environmental Quality, Air Quality |
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R307-343. Wood Furniture Manufacturing Operations |
| R307-343-1. Purpose |
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The purpose of R307-343 is to limit volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from wood furniture manufacturing operations. |
| R307-343-2. Applicability |
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(1) R307-343 applies to wood furniture manufacturing coating operations located in Box Elder, Cache, Davis, Salt Lake, Tooele, Utah and Weber counties. (2) Before September 1, 2018, R307-343 applies to wood furniture manufacturing operations that have the potential to emit 2.7 tons per year or more of VOC, including related cleaning activities. (3) Effective September 1, 2018, R307-343 shall apply to wood furniture manufacturing operations that use a combined 20 gallons or more of coating products and associated solvents per year. |
| R307-343-3. Definitions |
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The following additional definitions apply to R307-343: "As applied" means the volatile organic compound and solids content of the finishing material that is actually used for coating the substrate. It includes the contribution of materials used for in-house dilution of the finishing material. "Control system" means the combination of capture and control devices used to reduce emissions to the atmosphere. "Conventional Air Spray" means a spray coating method in which the coating is atomized by mixing it with compressed air at an air pressure greater than ten pounds per square inch (gauge) at the point of atomization. Airless, air assisted airless spray technologies, and electrostatic spray technology are not considered conventional air spray. "Finishing material" means a coating used in the wood furniture industry, including basecoats, stains, washcoats, sealers, and topcoats. "Finishing Operation" means those activities in which a finishing material is applied to a substrate and is subsequently air-dried, cured in an oven, or cured by radiation. "Sealer" means a finishing material used to seal the pores of a wood substrate before additional coats of finishing material are applied. A washcoat used to optimize aesthetics is not a sealer. "Solids" means the part of the coating that remains after the coating is dried or cured; solids content is determined using data from EPA Method 24. "Stain" means any color coat having a solids content by weight of no more than 8.0% that is applied in single or multiple coats directly to the substrate, including nongrain raising stains, equalizer stains, sap stains, body stains, no-wipe stains, penetrating stains, and toners. "Topcoat" means the last film-building finishing material applied in a finishing system. Non-permanent final finishes are not topcoats. "Touch-up and Repair" means the application of finishing materials to cover minor finishing imperfections. "Washcoat" means a transparent special purpose coating having a solids content by weight of 12.0% or less that is applied over initial stains to protect and control color and to stiffen the wood fibers in order to aid sanding. "Washoff operations" means those operations in which organic solvent is used to remove coating from a substrate. "Wood furniture" means any product made of wood that is manufactured under any of the following standard industrial classification codes: 2434, 2511, 2512, 2517, 2519, 2521, 2531, 2541, 2599, or 5712. This includes wood products such as rattan or wicker and engineered wood products such as particleboard. "Wood furniture manufacturing operations" means the finishing, cleaning, and washoff operations associated with the production of wood furniture or wood furniture components. |
| R307-343-4. VOC Content Limits |
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(1) No owner or operator shall apply coatings with a VOC content in excess of the amounts specified in Table 1, unless the owner or operator uses an add-on control device as specified in R307-343-6. Table 1 WOOD MANUFACTURING COATING LIMITS (values in pounds VOC per pound of solids, minus water and exempt solvents (compounds not classified as VOC as defined in R307-101-2), as applied) Coating Category VOC Content Limit (lb/lb) Topcoat 0.4 Single component, non-catalyzed sealer 0.9 Single component, non-catalyzed topcoat 0.9 Acid -- cured single and 2 component sealer 1.2 Acid -- cured single and 2 component topcoat 1.0 2 component polyurethane topcoat 1.0 2 component polyurethane sealer 1.0 Cobalt peroxide cured polyester sealer/topcoat 1.0 Formaldehyde free acid catalyzed sealer/topcoat 1.0 Strippable spray booth coatings 0.8 (2) The limits in Table 1 do not apply to canned aerosol coating products used exclusively for touch-up or repair. |
| R307-343-5. Application Equipment Requirements |
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(1) All coatings shall be applied using equipment having a minimum 65% transfer efficiency, except as allowed under R307-343-5(3) and operated according to the equipment manufacturer specifications. Equipment meeting the transfer efficiency requirement includes: (a) Brush, dip, or roll coating; (b) Electrostatic application; and (c) High volume, low pressure (HVLP) spray equipment. (2) Other coating application methods that achieve transfer efficiency equivalent to HVLP or electrostatic spray application methods may be used. (3) Conventional air spray methods may be used under the following circumstances: (a) To apply finishing materials that have no greater than 1.0 pound of VOC per pound of solids, as applied; (b) For touch-up and repair under the following circumstances: (i) The touch-up and repair occurs after completion of the finishing operation; or (ii) The touch-up and repair occurs after the application of stain and before the application of any other type of finishing material, and the materials used for touch-up and repair are applied from a container that has a volume of no more than 2.0 gallons; (c) When the spray gun is aimed and operated automatically, not manually; (d) When the emissions from the finishing application station are directed to a control device as specified in R307-343-6; (e) When the conventional air gun is used to apply no more than 10% of the total gallons of finishing material used during the calendar year; or (f) When the conventional air gun is used to apply stain on a part for which it is technically or economically infeasible to use any other spray application technology. The following criteria shall be used, either independently or in combination, to support the affected source's claim of technical or economic infeasibility: (i) The production speed is too high or the part shape is too complex for one operator to coat the part and the application station is not large enough to accommodate an additional operator; or (ii) The excessively large vertical spray area of the part makes it difficult to avoid sagging or runs in the stain. |
| R307-343-6. Add-on Controls Systems Operations |
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(1) If an add-on control system is used, the owner or operator shall install and maintain the add-on emission control system in accordance with the manufacturer recommendations and maintain 85% or greater capture and control efficiency. The overall capture and control efficiency shall be determined using EPA approved methods, as follows. (a) The capture efficiency of a VOC emission control system's VOC collection device shall be determined according to EPA's "Guidelines for Determining Capture Efficiency," January 9, 1995 and 40 CFR Part 51, Appendix M, Methods 204-204F, as applicable. (b) The control efficiency of a VOC emission control system's VOC control device shall be determined using test methods in Appendices A-1, A-6, and A-7 to 40 CFR Part 60, for measuring flow rates, total gaseous organic concentrations, or emissions of exempt compounds, as applicable. (c) An alternative test method may be substituted for the preceding test methods after review and approval by the EPA Administrator. |
| R307-343-7. Work Practices |
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(1) Control techniques and work practices for coatings shall be implemented at all times to reduce VOC emissions. Control techniques and work practices shall include: (a) Storing all VOC-containing coatings, thinners, and coating-related waste materials in closed containers; (b) Ensuring that mixing and storage containers used for VOC-containing coatings, thinners, and coating-related waste material are kept closed at all times except when depositing or removing these materials; (c) Minimizing spills of VOC-containing coatings, thinners, and coating-related waste materials; and (d) Conveying VOC-containing coatings, thinners, and coating-related waste materials from one location to another in closed containers or pipes. (2) The work practices for cleaning materials shall be implemented at all times to reduce VOC emissions. The work practices shall include: (a) Storing all VOC-containing cleaning materials and used shop towels in closed containers; (b) Ensuring that storage containers used for VOC-containing cleaning materials are kept closed at all times except when depositing or removing these materials; (c) Minimizing spills of VOC-containing cleaning materials; (d) Conveying VOC-containing cleaning materials from one location to another in closed containers or pipes; and (e) Minimizing VOC emissions from cleaning of application, storage, mixing, and conveying equipment by ensuring that equipment cleaning is performed without atomizing the cleaning solvent and all spent solvent is captured in closed containers. (3) Solvent cleaning operations shall be performed using cleaning materials having a VOC composite vapor pressure no greater than 1 mm Hg or less at 20 degrees Celsius, unless an add-on control device is used as specified in R307-343-6. |
| R307-343-8. Recordkeeping |
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(1) The owner or operator shall maintain records of the following: (a) Records that demonstrate compliance with R307-343. Records must include, but are not limited to, inventory and product data sheets of all coatings and solvents subject to R307-343. (b) If an add-on control device is used, records of key system parameters necessary to ensure compliance with R307-343-6. (i) Key system parameters shall include, but are not limited to, temperature, pressure, flow rates, and an inspection schedule. (ii) Key inspection parameters shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, and as required to demonstrate operations are providing continuous emission reduction from the source during all periods that the operations cause emissions from the source. (2) All records shall be maintained for a minimum of 2 years. (3) Records shall be made available to the director upon request. |