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Utah Administrative Code (Current through November 1, 2019) |
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R307. Environmental Quality, Air Quality |
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R307-355. Aerospace Manufacture and Rework Facilities |
| R307-355-1. Purpose |
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The purpose of R307-355 is to limit the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from aerospace coatings and adhesives, from organic solvent cleaning, and from the storage and disposal of solvents and waste solvent materials. |
| R307-355-2. Applicability |
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(1) R307-355 applies to all aerospace manufacture and rework facilities located in Box Elder, Cache, Davis, Salt Lake, Utah, Tooele or Weber counties. (2) Before February 1, 2018, R307-355 applies to all aerospace manufacture and rework facilities that have the potential to emit 10 tons or more per year of VOCs. (3) Effective February 2, 2018, R307-355 applies to all aerospace manufacture and rework facilities that use a combined 55 gallons or more of coating products and associated solvents and adhesives per year. |
| R307-355-3. Exemptions |
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(1) R307-355 does not apply to the following: (a) Cleaning and coating activities in research and development, quality control, laboratory testing, and electronic parts and assemblies, except for cleaning and coating of completed assemblies; (b) Manufacturing or rework operations involving space vehicles; (c) Rework operations performed on antique aerospace vehicles or components; (d) Touchup and repair operations; (e) Hand-held aerosol spray cans up to 24 fluid ounces; (f) Department of Defense classified coatings; (g) Separate formulations that are used in volumes of less than 50 gallon per year subject to a maximum exemption of 200 gallons in any calendar year; (h) Adhesives with separate formulations that are used in volumes of less than 0.5 gallons on any day or 10 gallons in any calendar year; and (i) Cleaning of laser hardware, scientific instruments, and high-precision optics. |
| R307-355-4. Definitions |
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The following additional definitions apply to R307-355: "Ablative coating" means a coating, applied to both new and rework aerospace components, which chars and becomes intumescent when exposed to open flame, such as would occur during the failure of an engine casing. The purpose of the coating is to act as an isolative barrier and protect adjacent metal parts from an open flame. "Adhesion promoter" means a very thin coating applied to a substrate to promote wetting and form a chemical bond with the subsequently applied material. "Adhesive bonding primer" means a primer applied in a thin film to aerospace components for the purpose of corrosion inhibition and increased adhesive bond strength by attachment. There are two categories of adhesive bonding primers: primers with a design cure at 250 degrees Fahrenheit or below and primers with a design cure above 250 degrees Fahrenheit. "Aerospace manufacture and rework facility" means any installation that produces, reworks, or repairs in any amount any commercial, civil, or military aerospace vehicle or component. "Aerospace vehicle or component" means any fabricated part, processed part, assembly of parts, or completed unit, with the exception of electronic components, of any aircraft including but not limited to airplanes, helicopters, missiles, rockets, and space vehicles. This definition includes integral equipment such as models, mock-ups, prototypes, molds, jigs, and tooling. It also includes auxiliary equipment associated with test, transport and storage that through contamination can compromise aerospace vehicle performance. "Antique aerospace vehicle or component" means an aircraft or component thereof that was built at least 30 years ago and would not routinely be in commercial or military service in the capacity for which it was designed. "Bearing coating" means a coating applied to an antifriction bearing, a bearing housing, or the area adjacent to such a bearing in order to facilitate bearing function or to protect base material from excessive wear. A material shall not be classified as a bearing coating if it can also be classified as a dry lubricative material or a solid film lubricant. "Caulking and smoothing compounds" means semi-solid materials which are applied by hand application methods and are used to aerodynamically smooth exterior vehicle surfaces or fill cavities such as bolt hole accesses. A material shall not be classified as a caulking and smoothing compound if it can also be classified as a sealant. "Chemical agent-resistant coating" means an exterior topcoat designed to withstand exposure to chemical warfare agents or the decontaminants used on these agents. "Chemical milling maskants" means a coating that is applied directly to aluminum components to protect surface areas when chemical milling the component with a Type I or Type II etchant. Type I chemical milling maskants are used with a Type I etchant and Type II chemical milling maskants are used with a Type II etchant. "Clear coating" means a transparent coating usually applied over a colored opaque coating, metallic substrate, or placard to give improved gloss and protection to the color coat. In some cases, a clear coat refers to any transparent coating without regard to substrate. "Commercial exterior aerodynamic structure primer" means a primer used on aerodynamic components and structures that protrude from the fuselage, such as wings and attached components, control surfaces, horizontal stabilizers, vertical fins, wing-to-body fairings, antennae, and landing gear and doors, for the purpose of extended corrosion protection and enhanced adhesion. "Compatible substrate primer" means either compatible epoxy primer or adhesive primer. Compatible epoxy primer is primer that is compatible with the filled elastomeric coating and is epoxy based. The compatible substrate primer is an epoxypolyamide primer used to promote adhesion of elastomeric coatings such as impact-resistant coatings. Adhesive primer is a coating that: (1) inhibits corrosion and serves as a primer applied to bare metal surfaces or prior to adhesive application, or (2) is applied to surfaces that can be expected to contain fuel. Fuel tank coatings are excluded from this category. "Corrosion prevention" means a coating that provides corrosion protection by displacing water and penetrating mating surfaces, forming a protective barrier between the metal surface and moisture. Coatings containing oils or waxes are excluded from this category. "Cryoprotective coating" means a coating that insulates cryogenic or subcooled surfaces to limit propellant boil-off, maintain structural integrity of metallic structures during ascent or re-entry, and prevent ice formation. "Electric or radiation-effect coating" means a coating or coating system engineered to interact, through absorption or reflection, with specific regions of the electromagnetic energy spectrum, such as the ultraviolet, visible, infrared, or microwave regions. Uses include, but are not limited to, lightning strike protection, electromagnetic pulse (EMP) protection, and radar avoidance. Coatings that have been designated as "classified" by the Department of Defense are exempt. "Electrostatic discharge and electromagnetic interference (EMI) coating" means a coating applied to space vehicles, missiles, aircraft radomes, and helicopter blades to disperse static energy or reduce electromagnetic interference. "Elevated-temperature Skydrol-resistant primer" means a primer that must withstand immersion in phosphate-ester (PE) hydraulic fluid (Skydrol 500b A-9 or equivalent) at the elevated temperature of 150 degrees Fahrenheit for 1,000 hours. "Epoxy polyamide topcoat" means a coating used where harder films are required or in some areas where engraving is accomplished in camouflage colors. "Fire-resistant (interior) coating" means for civilian aircraft, fire-resistant interior coatings are used on passenger cabin interior parts that are subject to the FAA fireworthiness requirements. For military aircraft, fire-resistant interior coatings are used on parts that are subject to the flammability requirements of MIL-STD-1630A and MIL-A-87721. For space applications, these coatings are used on parts that are subject to the flammability requirements of SE-R-0006 and SSP 30233. "Flexible primer" means a primer that meets flexibility requirements such as those needed for adhesive bond primed fastener heads or on surfaces expected to contain fuel. The flexible coating is required because it provides a compatible, flexible substrate over bonded sheet rubber and rubber-type coatings as well as a flexible bridge between the fasteners, skin, and skin-to-skin joints on outer aircraft skins. This flexible bridge allows more topcoat flexibility around fasteners and decreases the chance of the topcoat cracking around the fasteners. The result is better corrosion resistance. "Flight test coating" means a coating applied to aircraft other than missiles or single-use aircraft prior to flight testing to protect the aircraft from corrosion and to provide required marking during flight test evaluation. "Fuel tank coating" means a coating applied to fuel tank components for the purpose of corrosion and/or bacterial growth inhibition and to assure sealant adhesion in extreme environmental conditions. "General aviation" means that segment of civil aviation that encompasses all facets of aviation except air carriers, commuters, and military. General aviation includes charter and corporate-executive transportation, instruction, rental, aerial application, aerial observation, business, pleasure, and other special uses. "High-temperature coating" means a coating designed to withstand temperatures of more than 350 degrees Fahrenheit. "Insulation covering" means material that is applied to foam insulation to protect the insulation from mechanical or environmental damage. "Intermediate release coating" means a thin coating applied beneath topcoats to assist in removing the topcoat in depainting operations and generally to allow the use of less hazardous depainting methods. "Lacquer" means a clear or pigmented coating formulated with anitrocellulose or synthetic resin to dry by evaporation without a chemical reaction. Lacquers are resoluble in their original solvent. "Low vapor pressure hydrocarbon-based cleaning solvent" means a cleaning solvent that is composed of a mixture of photochemically reactive hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons and has a maximum vapor pressure of 7 mm Hg at 68 degrees Fahrenheit. These cleaners must not contain hazardous air pollutants. "Maskants" means a coating that is applied directly to aluminum components to protect surface areas when chemical milling the component with a Type I or Type II etchant. Type I chemical milling maskants are used with a Type I etchant and Type II chemical milling maskants are used with a Type II etchant. "Metalized epoxy coating" means a coating that contains relatively large quantities of metallic pigmentation for appearance and/or added protection. "Mold release" means a coating applied to a mold surface to prevent the molded piece from sticking to the mold as it is removed. "Optical anti-reflection coating" means a coating with a low reflectance in the infrared and visible wavelength ranges that is used for antireflection on or near optical and laser hardware. "Part marking coating" means coatings or inks used to make identifying markings on materials, components, and/or assemblies. These markings may be either permanent or temporary. "Pretreatment coating" means an organic coating that contains at least 0.5 percent acids by weight and is applied directly to A-12 metal or composite surfaces to provide surface etching, corrosion resistance, adhesion, and ease of stripping. "Primer" means the first layer and any subsequent layers of identically formulated coating applied to the surface of an aerospace vehicle or component. Primers are typically used for corrosion prevention, protection from the environment, functional fluid resistance, and adhesion of subsequent coatings. Primers that are defined as specialty coatings are not included under this definition. "Rain erosion resistant coating" means a coating applied primarily to radomes, canopies, and leading edges of aircraft to provide protection from erosion due to rain, dust, and other airborne particles. "Rework facility" means any installation that repairs any aerospace vehicle or component. "Rocket motor nozzle coating" means a catalyzed epoxy coating system used in elevated temperature applications on rocket motor nozzles. "Scale inhibitor" means a coating that is applied to the surface of a part prior to thermal processing to inhibit the formation of scale. "Screen print ink" means an ink used in screen printing processes during fabrication of decorative laminates and decals. "Sealant" means a material used to prevent the intrusion of water, fuel, air, or other liquids or solids from certain areas of aerospace vehicles or components. There are two categories of sealants: extrudable/rollable/brushable sealants and sprayable sealants. "Silicone insulation material" means an insulating material applied to exterior metal surfaces for protection from high temperatures caused by atmospheric friction or engine exhaust. These materials differ from ablative coatings in that they are not "sacrificial." "Solid film lubricant" means a dry lubricant coating used to reduce friction between faying metal surfaces. The coating consists of an organic binder system containing one or more of the following substances: molybdenum disulfide, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon PTFE), other types of Teflon, lauric acid, cetyl alcohol, or waxes. "Space vehicle" means a man-made device, either manned or unmanned, designed for operation beyond earth's atmosphere. This definition includes integral equipment such as models, mock-ups, prototypes, mold, jigs, tooling, hardware jackets and test coupons. Also included, auxiliary equipment associated with test, transport and storage that through contamination can compromise the space vehicle performance. "Specialized function coating" means a coating that fulfills extremely specific engineering requirements that are limited in application and are characterized by low volume usage. This category excludes coatings covered in other Specialty Coating categories. "Specialty coating" means a coating that, even though it meets the definition of a primer, topcoat, or self-priming topcoat, has additional performance criteria beyond those of primers, topcoats, and self-priming topcoats for specific applications. (1) These performance criteria may include, but are not limited to, temperature or fire resistance, substrate compatibility, antireflection, temporary protection or marking, sealing, adhesively joining substrates, or enhanced corrosion protection. "Temporary protective coating" means a coating applied to provide scratch or corrosion protection during manufacturing, storage, or transportation. Two types include peelable protective coatings and alkaline removable coatings. These materials are not intended to protect against strong acid or alkaline solutions. Coatings that provide this type of protection from chemical processing are not included in this category. "Thermal control coating" means a coating formulated with specific thermal conductive or radiative properties to permit temperature control of the substrate. "Topcoat" means a coating that is applied over a primer or component for appearance, identification, camouflage, or protection. Topcoats that are defined as specialty coatings are not included under this definition. "Wet fastener installation coating" means a primer or sealer applied by dipping, brushing, or daubing to fasteners that are installed before the coating is cured. "Wing coating" means a corrosion-resistant topcoat that is resilient enough to withstand the flexing of the wings. |
| R307-355-5. VOC Content Limits |
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The owner or operator shall not apply coatings to aerospace vehicles or components with a VOC content greater than the amounts specified in Table 1 unless the owner or operator uses an add-on control device as specified in R307-355-9. TABLE 1 (Values in grams of VOC per liter of material, minus water and exempt solvents (compounds not classified as VOC as defined in R307-101-2), as applied) Coating type VOC Content Limit (g/l) Ablative Coating 600 Adhesion Promoter 890 Adhesive Bonding Primers: Cured at 250 deg F or below 850 Cured above 250 deg F 1030 Adhesives: Commercial Interior Adhesive 760 Cyanoacrylate Adhesive 1,020 Fuel Tank Adhesive 620 Nonstructural Adhesive 360 Rocket Motor Bonding Adhesive 890 Rubber-based Adhesive 850 Structural Autoclavable Adhesive 60 Structural Nonautoclavable Adhesive 850 Antichafe Coating 660 Bearing Coating 620 Caulking and Smoothing Compounds 850 Chemical Agent-Resistant Coating 550 Clear Coating 720 Commercial Exterior Aerodynamic Compatible Substrate Primer 780 Corrosion Prevention Compound 710 Cryogenic Flexible Primer 645 Dry Lubricative Material 880 Cryoprotective Coating 600 Electric or Radiation-Effect Coating 800 Electrostatic Discharge and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Coating 800 Elevated-Temperature Skydrol-Resistant Primer 740 Epoxy Polyamide Topcoat 660 Fire-Resistant (interior) Coating 800 Flexible Primer 640 Flight-Test Coatings: Missile or Single Use Aircraft 420 All Other 840 Fuel-Tank Coating 720 General Aviation Rework Primer and Topcoat 540 High-Temperature Coating 850 Insulation Covering 740 Intermediate Release Coating 750 Lacquer 830 Maskants: Bonding Maskant 1,230 Critical Use and Line Sealer Maskant 1,020 Seal Coat Maskant 1,230 Metalized Epoxy Coating 740 Mold Release 780 Optical Anti-Reflective Coating 750 Part Marking Coating 850 Pretreatment Coating 780 Primer 350 Rain Erosion Resistant Coating 850 Rocket Motor Nozzle Coating 660 Scale Inhibitor 880 Screen Print Ink 840 Sealants: Extrudable/Rollable/Brushable Sealant 280 Sprayable Sealant 600 Silicone Insulation Material 850 Solid Film Lubricant 880 Specialized Function Coating 890 Temporary Protective Coating 320 Thermal Control Coating 800 Topcoat 420 Type I chemical milling maskant 622 Type II chemical milling maskants 160 Wet Fastener Installation Coating 675 Wing Coating 850 |
| R307-355-6. Application Method |
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(1) No owner or operator shall apply any coating to aerospace vehicles or components unless one of the following application methods is used: (a) Electrostatic application; (b) Flow/curtain coat; (c) Dip/electrodeposition coat; (d) Roll coat; (e) Brush coating; (f) cotton-tipped swab application; (g) High-Volume, Low-Pressure (HVLP) Spray; (h) Hand Application Methods; or (i) Other coating application methods that achieve emission reductions equivalent to HVLP or electrostatic spray application methods, as determined according to the requirements in 40 CFR 63.750(i). (2) The following conditions are exempt from R307-355-6(1): (a) Any situation that normally requires the use of an airbrush or an extension on the spray gun to properly reach limited access spaces. (b) The application of coatings that contain fillers that adversely affect atomization with HVLP spray guns and that cannot be applied by any of the application methods specified in R307-355-6. (c) The application of coatings that normally have dried film thickness of less than 0.0013 centimeters (0.0005 inches) and that cannot be applied by any of the application methods specified in R307-355-6. (d) Airbrush application methods for stenciling, lettering, and other identification markings. (e) Application of specialty coatings. |
| R307-355-7. Work Practices |
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(1) Control techniques and work practices shall be implemented at all times to reduce VOC emissions from coating and solvent cleaning operations on aerospace vehicles or components. Control techniques and work practices shall include, but are not limited to: (a) Storing all VOC-containing coatings, adhesives, thinners, and coating-related waste materials in closed containers, containers with activated carbon, or other control approved by the EPA Administrator; (b) Ensuring that mixing and storage containers used for VOC-containing coatings, adhesives, thinners, and coating-related waste material are kept closed at all times except when depositing or removing these materials unless a container has an activated carbon or other control approved by the EPA administrator; (c) Minimizing spills of VOC-containing coatings, adhesives, thinners, and coating-related waste materials; and (d) Conveying VOC-containing coatings, adhesives, thinners, and coating-related waste materials from one location to another in closed container, in pipes, containers with activated carbon, or other control approved by the EPA Administrator. |
| R307-355-8. Solvent Cleaning |
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(1) Hand-wipe cleaning. Cleaning solvents (excluding water and exempt solvents) used in hand-wipe cleaning operations on aerospace vehicles or components shall meet one of the following requirements: (a) Have a VOC composite vapor pressure less than or equal to 45 mm Hg at 68 degrees Fahrenheit; (b) Have an aqueous cleaning solvent in which water is at least 80% of the solvent as applied; or (c) Have a low vapor pressure hydrocarbon-based cleaning solvent. (2) The following exemptions apply: (a) Cleaning during the manufacture, assembly, installation, maintenance, or testing of components of breathing oxygen systems that are exposed to the breathing oxygen. (b) Cleaning during the manufacture, assembly, installation, maintenance, or testing of parts, subassemblies, or assemblies that are exposed to strong oxidizers or reducers (e.g., nitrogen tetroxide, liquid oxygen, hydrazine). (c) Cleaning and surface activation prior to adhesive bonding. (d) Cleaning of electronics parts and assemblies containing electronics parts. (e) Cleaning of aircraft and ground support equipment fluid systems that are exposed to the fluid, including air-to-air heat exchangers and hydraulic fluid systems. (f) Cleaning of fuel cells, fuel tanks, and confined spaces. (g) Surface cleaning of solar cells, coated optics, and thermal control surfaces. (h) Cleaning during fabrication, assembly, installation, and maintenance of upholstery, curtains, carpet, and other textile materials used on the interior of the aircraft. (i) Cleaning of metallic and nonmetallic materials used in honeycomb cores during the manufacture or maintenance of these cores, and cleaning of the completed cores used in the manufacture of aerospace vehicles or components. (j) Cleaning of aircraft transparencies, polycarbonate, or glass substrates. (k) Cleaning and solvent usage associated with research and development, quality control, or laboratory testing. (l) Cleaning operations, using nonflammable liquids, conducted within five feet of energized electrical systems. (3) Flush cleaning. Cleaning solvents used in flush cleaning of aerospace vehicle or component parts, assemblies and coating unit components must be emptied into an enclosed container or collection system that is kept closed when not in use. (4) Spray gun cleaning. All spray guns used to apply coatings to aerospace vehicle or component shall be cleaned by one or more of the following methods: (a) Enclosed system that is closed at all times except when inserting or removing the spray gun. If leaks in the system are found, repairs shall be made as soon as practicable, but no later than 15 days after the leak was found. If the leak is not repaired by the 15th day, the cleaning solvent shall be removed and the enclosed cleaner shall be shut down until the leak is repaired or its use is permanently discontinued. (b) Nonatomized cleaning. (i) Spray guns shall be cleaned by placing cleaning solvent in the pressure pot and forcing it through the gun with the atomizing cap in place. (ii) The cleaning solvent from the spray gun shall be directed into a vat, drum, or other waste container that is closed when not in use. (c) Disassembled spray gun cleaning. (i) Spray guns shall be cleaned by disassembling and cleaning the components by hand in a vat, which shall remain closed at all times except when in use. (ii) Spray gun components shall be soaked in a vat, which shall remain closed during the soaking period and when not inserting or removing components. (d) Atomizing spray into a waste container that is fitted with a device designed to capture atomized solvent emissions. (e) Cleaning of the nozzle tips of automated spray equipment systems, except for robotic systems that can be programmed to spray into a closed container, shall be exempt from these requirements. |
| R307-355-9. Add-On Controls Systems Operations |
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If an add-on control system is used, the owner or operator shall install and maintain the add-on emission control system in accordance with the manufacturer recommendations and maintain 85% or greater capture and control efficiency. The overall capture and control efficiency shall be determined using EPA approved methods, as follows. (a) The capture efficiency of a VOC emission control system's VOC collection device shall be determined according to EPA's "Guidelines for Determining Capture Efficiency," January 9, 1995 and 40 CFR Part 51, Appendix M, Methods 204-204F, as applicable. (b) The control efficiency of a VOC emission control system's VOC control device shall be determined using test methods in Appendices A-1, A-6, and A-7 to 40 CFR Part 60, for measuring flow rates, total gaseous organic concentrations, or emissions of exempt compounds, as applicable. (c) An alternative test method may be substituted for the preceding test methods after review and approval by the EPA Administrator. |
| R307-355-10. Recordkeeping |
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(1) The owner or operator shall maintain records of the following: (a) Records that demonstrate compliance with R307-355. Records must include, but are not limited to, inventory and product data sheets of all coatings and solvents subject to R307-355. (b) If an add-on control device is used, records of key system parameters necessary to ensure compliance with R307-355-9. (i) Key system parameters must include, but are not limited to, temperature, pressure, flow rates, and an inspection schedule. (ii) Key inspection parameters must be in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, and as required to demonstrate operations are providing continuous emission reduction from the source during all periods that the operations cause emissions from the source. (2) All records shall be maintained for a minimum of 2 years. (3) Records shall be made available to the director upon request. |