R315-302-1. Location Standards for Disposal Facilities

  (1) Applicability.

  (a) These standards apply to each new solid waste disposal facility and any existing solid waste disposal facility seeking facility expansion, including:

  (i) Class I, II, and V Landfills;

  (ii) Class III Landfills as specified in Rule R315-304;

  (iii) Class IV and VI Landfills as specified in Rule R315-305;

  (iv) piles that are to be closed as landfills; and

  (v) Incinerators as specified in Rule R315-306.

  (b) These standards, except for Subsection R315-302-1(2)(f) or unless otherwise noted, do not apply to:

  (i) an existing facility;

  (ii) a transfer station or a drop box facility;

  (iii) a pile used for storage;

  (iv) composting or utilization of sludge or other solid waste on land; or

  (v) hazardous waste disposal sites regulated by Rules R315-260 through 266, 268, 270, 273 and Rule R315-101.

  (2) Location Standards. Each applicable solid waste facility shall be subject to the following location standards.

  (a) Land Use Compatibility. No new facility shall be located within:

  (i) one thousand feet of a:

  (A) national, state, county, or city park, monument, or recreation area;

  (B) designated wilderness or wilderness study area;

  (C) wild and scenic river area; or

  (D) stream, lake, or reservoir;

  (ii) ecologically and scientifically significant natural areas, including wildlife management areas and habitat for threatened or endangered species as designated pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1982;

  (iii) one-fourth mile of:

  (A) existing permanent dwellings, residential areas, and other incompatible structures such as schools or churches unless otherwise allowed by local zoning or ordinance; and

  (B) historic structures or properties listed or eligible to be listed in the State or National Register of Historic Places;

  (iv) ten thousand feet of any airport runway end used by turbojet aircraft or within 5,000 feet of any airport runway end used by only piston-type aircraft unless the owner or operator demonstrates that the facility design and operation will not increase the likelihood of bird/aircraft collisions. Every new and existing disposal facility is subject to this requirement. If a new landfill or a lateral expansion of an existing landfill is located within six miles of an airport runway end, the owner or operator must notify the affected airport and the Federal Aviation Administration; or

  (v) areas with respect to archeological sites that would violate Section 9-8-404.

  (b) Geology.

  (i) No new facility or lateral expansion of an existing facility shall be located in a subsidence area, a dam failure flood area, above an underground mine, above a salt dome, above a salt bed, or on or adjacent to geologic features which could compromise the structural integrity of the facility.

  (ii) Holocene Fault Areas. A new facility or a lateral expansions of an existing facility shall not be located within 200 feet of a Holocene fault unless the owner or operator demonstrates to the Director that an alternative setback distance of less than 200 feet will prevent damage to the structural integrity of the unit and will be protective of human health and the environment.

  (iii) Seismic Impact Zones. A new facility or a lateral expansion of an existing facility shall not be located in seismic impact zones unless the owner or operator demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Director that all containment structures, including liners, leachate collection systems, and surface water control systems, are designed to resist the maximum horizontal acceleration in lithified earth material for the site.

  (iv) Unstable Areas. The owner or operator of an existing facility, a lateral expansion of an existing facility, or a new facility located in an unstable area must demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Director that engineering measures have been incorporated into the facility design to ensure that the integrity of the structural components of the facility will not be disrupted. The owner or operator must consider the following factors when determining whether an area is unstable:

  (A) on-site or local soil conditions that may result in significant differential settling;

  (B) on-site or local geologic or geomorphologic features; and

  (C) on-site or local human-made features or events, both surface and subsurface.

  (c) Surface Water.

  (i) No new facility or lateral expansion of an existing facility shall be located on any public land that is being used by a public water system for water shed control for municipal drinking water purposes.

  (ii) Floodplains. No new or existing facility shall be located in a floodplain unless the owner or operator demonstrates to the Director that the unit will not restrict the flow of the 100-year flood, reduce the temporary water storage capacity of the floodplain, or result in a washout of solid waste so as to pose a hazard to human health or the environment.

  (d) Wetlands. No new facility or lateral expansion of an existing facility shall be located in wetlands unless the owner or operator demonstrates to the Director that:

  (i) where applicable under section 404 of the Clean Water Act or applicable State wetlands laws, the presumption that a practicable alternative to the proposed landfill is available which does not involve wetlands is clearly rebutted;

  (ii) the unit will not violate any applicable state water quality standard or section 307 of the Clean Water Act;

  (iii) the unit will not jeopardize the continued existence of any endangered or threatened species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of a critical habitat protected under the Endangered Species Act of 1973;

  (iv) the unit will not cause or contribute to significant degradation of wetlands. The owner or operator must demonstrate the integrity of the unit and its ability to protect ecological resources by addressing the following factors:

  (A) erosion, stability, and migration potential of native wetland soils, muds, and deposits used to support the unit;

  (B) erosion, stability, and migration potential of dredged and fill materials used to support the unit;

  (C) the volume and chemical nature of the waste managed in the unit;

  (D) impacts on fish, wildlife, and other aquatic resources and their habitat from release of the solid waste;

  (E) the potential effects of catastrophic release of waste to the wetland and the resulting impacts on the environment; and

  (F) any additional factors, as necessary, to demonstrate that ecological resources in the wetland are sufficiently protected;

  (v) to the extent required under section 404 of the Clean Water Act or applicable state wetlands laws, steps have been taken to attempt to achieve no net loss of wetlands, as defined by acreage and function, by first avoiding impacts to wetlands to the maximum extent practicable as required by Subsection R315-302-1(2)(d)(i), then minimizing unavoidable impacts to the maximum extent practicable, and finally offsetting remaining unavoidable wetland impacts through all appropriate and practicable compensatory mitigation actions (e.g., restoration of existing degraded wetlands or creation of man-made wetlands); and

  (vi) sufficient information is available to make a reasonable determination with respect to these demonstrations.

  (e) Ground Water.

  (i) No new facility or lateral expansion of an existing facility shall be located at a site:

  (A) where the bottom of the lowest liner is less than five feet above the historical high level of ground water; or

  (B) for a landfill that is not required to install a liner, the lowest level of waste must be at least ten feet above the historical high level of ground water.

  (C) If the aquifer beneath a landfill contains ground water which has a Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of 10,000 mg/l or greater and the landfill is constructed with a composite liner, the bottom of the lowest liner may be less than five feet above the historical high level of the ground water.

  (ii) No new facility shall be located over a sole source aquifer as designated in 40 CFR 149.

  (iii) No new facility shall be located over groundwater classed as IB under Section R317-6-3.3.

  (iv) Unless all units of the proposed facility are constructed with a composite liner or other equivalent design approved by the Director:

  (A) a new facility located above any aquifer containing ground water which has a TDS content below 1,000 mg/l which does not exceed applicable ground water quality standards for any contaminant is permitted only where the depth to ground water is greater than 100 feet; or

  (B) a new facility located above any aquifer containing ground water which has a TDS content between 1,000 and 3,000 mg/l and does not exceed applicable ground water quality standards for any contaminant is permitted only where the depth to ground water is 50 feet or greater.

  (C) The applicant for the proposed facility will make the demonstration of ground water quality necessary to determine the appropriate aquifer classification.

  (v) No new facility shall be located in designated drinking water source protection areas or, if no source protection area is designated, within a distance to existing drinking water wells or springs for public water supplies of 250 days ground water travel time. This requirement does not include on-site operation wells. The applicant for the proposed facility will make the demonstration, acceptable to the Director, of hydraulic conductivity and other information necessary to determine the 250 days ground water travel distance.

  (vi) Ground Water Alternative.

  (A) Subject to the ground water performance standard stated in Subsection R315-303-2(1), if a solid waste disposal facility is to be located over an area where the ground water has a TDS of 10,000 mg/l or greater, or where there is an extreme depth to ground water, or where there is a natural impermeable barrier above the ground water, or where there is no ground water, the Director may approve, on a site specific basis, an alternative ground water monitoring system at the facility or may wave the ground water monitoring requirement. If ground water monitoring is waved the owner or operator shall make the demonstration stated in Subsection R315-308-1(3).

  (B) A facility that has a ground water monitoring alternative approved under Subsection R315-302-1(2)(e)(vi) is subject to the ground water quality standards specified in Subsection R315-303-2(1) and the approved alternative shall be revoked by the Director if the operation of the facility impacts ground water.

  (f) Historic preservation survey requirement.

  (i) Each new facility or expansion of an existing facility shall:

  (A) have a notice of concurrence issued by the state historic preservation officer as provided for in Subsection 9-8-404(3)(a)(i); or

  (B) show that the state historic preservation officer did not respond within 30 days to the submittal, to the officer, of an evaluation; or

  (C) have received a joint analysis conducted as required by Subsection 9-8-404(2).

  (ii) Each existing facility shall, for all areas of the site that have not been disturbed:

  (A) have a notice of concurrence issued by the state historic preservation officer as provided for in Subsection 9-8-404(3)(a)(i); or

  (B) show that the state historic preservation officer did not respond within 30 days to the submittal, to the officer, of an evaluation; or

  (C) have received a joint analysis conducted as required by Subsection 9-8-404(2).

  (3) Exemptions. Exemptions from the location standards with respect to airports, floodplains, wetlands, fault areas, seismic impact zones, and unstable areas cannot be granted. Exemptions from other location standards of Section R315-302-1 may be granted by the Director on a site specific basis if it is determined that the exemption will cause no adverse impacts to human health or the environment.

  (a) No exemption may be granted without application to the Director.

  (b) If an exemption is granted, a facility may be required to have a more stringent design, construction, monitoring program, or operational practice to protect human health or the environment.

  (c) All applications for exemptions shall meet the conditions of Section R315-311-3 pertaining to public notice and comment period.